In this session, we aim to share the latest insights on thyroid oncology research by inviting distinguished researchers from both domestic and international fields. Prof. Min Ji Jeon from the University of Ulsan will be presenting on the expanded understanding of the microenvironment of thyroid cancer, facilitated by advancements in analytical techniques. Prof. Haixia Guan from Southern Medical University will deliver a lecture on the role of TBX3 through the BRAF^V600E-TBX3-CXCLs-MDSCs axis in papillary thyroid cancer. Lastly, Prof. Melissa G. Lechner from the University of California Los Angeles will discuss the current advances in immune and targeted therapies for advanced thyroid cancers.

This session covers three topics on thyroid hormone replacement therapy, offering practical clinical value. The first topic is the impact of thyroid dysfunction on pregnancy and fertility, presented by Prof. Bo Hyon Yun from Yonsei University. The second topic is about T3/T4 combination therapy, discussed by Prof. Jae Hoon Moon from Seoul National University, which has been a subject of active research and some controversy. Lastly, Prof. Hye-In Kim from Sungkyunkwan University will review the benefits and potential drawbacks of TSH suppression during active surveillance for thyroid cancer, providing insights for its practical clinical application.

The increase in thyroid cancer worldwide has raised awareness of the problem of overdiagnosis. In particular, active surveillance was introduced instead of immediate surgery for micropapillary thyroid cancer, which accounts for the majority of thyroid cancer and has a good prognosis. In this session, we will discuss the pros and cons of active surveillance and immediate surgery in low-risk papillary thyroid cancer and explore treatment using radiofrequency instead of surgery.